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 This tutorial is dedicated to use a 8051 based Microcontroller core and program it using keil's C51 tools on the Proteus Source code editor.  1- Brief History of 8051 one of the first microprocessors 4004 was invented by Intel Corporation as well as  8085 and 8086 microprocessors back in 1981,shortly after Intel introduced an 8-bit microcontroller called the 8051 . It was referred to as system on a chip because it had 128 bytes of RAM, 4K byte of on-chip ROM, two timers, one serial port, and 4 ports (8-bit wide), all on a single chip. When it became so widespread, Intel allowed other manufacturers to make and market different flavors of 8051 with its code compatible with 8051. It means that if you write your program for one flavor of 8051, it will run on other flavors too, regardless of the manufacturer. This has led to several versions with different speeds and amounts of on-chip RAM. 2- Features of AT892051 Microcontroller Compatible with MCS®-51Products 2K ...

  Direct Memory Access (DMA) is a feature of computer systems that allows hardware subsystems to access main system memory (RAM) with minimal intervention from the Central Processing Unit (CPU). The Direct Memory Access (DMA) hardware peripheral on PIC ® microcontrollers (MCUs) allows for direct memory-to-memory and peripheral-to-memory transfers and concurrent operation of the DMA and the CPU (while sharing system bus resources). This enables more flexible usage of eXtreme Low Power (XLP) technologies through core-independent movement of data in low-power modes and improvements in data throughput and latency.     Why Is DMA Used? Most CPU operations in MCU-based systems involve the movement of data. In many cases, this can significantly limit the throughput and responsiveness of a system. For example, an interrupt can cause the CPU to stop what it is currently doing to service the interrupt. In low-power applications, this can significant...

When it comes to handling zip files, Windows users have always had the advantage with WinRAR that automatically helps to extract and compressing zip files. On the other hand, in case of Linux operating systems, users have to either download other compatible tools or perform the operation through command terminal. What is a .RAR File Extension? For users who don’t know, a RAR file is a compressed file that is split into a set of multi-volume files. This is usually done in cases where there are large file sets that are needed to be shared or transferred, hence are compressed into a zip file. Similarly, for zip files, when they are transferred or downloaded from the internet need to be extracted. A number of tools are available to help extract and compress these files within seconds, regardless of their size or quantity. Extracting RAR Files in Linux distributions RAR is a free tool that is pre-installed on Windows operating systems but unfortunately doesn’t suppor...

Digispark Attiny85 runs at 16.5MHz (with no external crystal) and has 5 I/O pins and connects to a USB port using a micro USB connector. The breakout board comes with an ATtiny85 chip pre-programmed with the micronucleus bootloader. The great thing about this bootloader is that it makes a software compatible USB interface inside the ATtiny85 - even when that chip has no USB interface. By adding support libraries into the Arduino IDE you can program this chip using the Ardino IDE system in a similar way to other Arduino microcontrollers. The rest of this page shows you a Digispark tutorial for installing the Digispark drivers, checking that they are working correctly and programming the device. Digispark ATtiny85 Bootloader Timeout The way that the Digispark Attiny85 works is to use the Window Driver to identify the Digispark but this can only be done for 5 seconds. After the 5 seconds the bootloader becomes a dumb device and the program control is transferred to ...

DigiSpark . It’s about the size of a coin, plugs straight into your USB port and will probably cover most of your microcontroller project needs. The problem is that it doesn’t seem to play nice, out-of-the-box with 64-bit Ubuntu Linux. The DigiSpark isn’t a particularly New Thing – it was a KickStarter project from August 2012. Since it’s Open Hardware, the inevitable happens and some people in Shenzen have taken the board layouts and started cranking out the hardware super, super cheap. Here’s how to get it Working on Linux Install the standard Arduino IDE for 64-bit Linux. This is version 1.5 at the time of writing. Follow DigiSpark’s instructions for adding their extensions to the Arduino IDE. You should now see something like this listed when you lsusb: 16d0:0753 MCS Digistump DigiSpark . This is specifically for 64-bit Linux (Ubuntu 14.04LTS) at the time of writing: Download the Arduino IDE programmer binary for 64 bit here and use it to replace the version t...

Figure 1 :  Asynchronous machine Diagram  The Stator is a an asynchronous machine and indicated to  that of the synchronous machine : 3 coupled enrollments as a star configuration or in triangular , they are powered by a system of equilibrium supply. it will result (FERRARIS theorem ) Of the creation of a sliding  magnetic field in the gap of the machine . the sliding speed  of the field compared to the stator is Ω s =  ωs / p Where  ωs  indicates the pulsation of the tri-phased statoric power supply network  , p is the number of coils in each coil , p therefor indicates the number of pair of poles ( one pair is constituted of the North pole and the South pole) Remark : The stator that is put on a variable field must be papered to limit the losses by Foucault currents. The Rotor of the machine sports a coiling similar to the stator : tri-phased coiling of the same number of poles as the stator . those 3 coils are co...

The potential for the Industrial Internet is vast with opportunities spread over wide areas of productivity, such as logistics, aviation, transportation, healthcare, energy production, oil and gas production, and manufacturing. As a result, many use-cases will make industry executives wake up and consider the possibilities of the IIoT. After all, industry only requires a minimal shift in productivity to deliver huge revenue, an example is that even an increase of 1% of productivity can produce huge revenue benefits such as aviation fuel savings. In order to realize these potential profits, industry has to adopt and adjust to the Industrial Internet of Things. However, spotting, identifying, and then strategically targeting the opportunities of the IIoT is not quite as easy as it might seem. It is important, therefore, to create use-cases that are appropriate to vertical businesses. For instance, the requirements of manufacturing differ from logistics, which also differs to healthcare....